ALelia Walker - Joy Goddess of the Harlem Renaissance

The Salem Witch Trials For The Puritan Community - 1398 Words

Texas Tech University A Town Submerged in Hysteria Cornelius Asmerom History To 1877 Professor Corye Beene October 23, 2014 The Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials were a devastating time period in 1692 for the Puritan community which resulted in 20 innocent people executed. Pilgrims landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts 9 years before the Puritans landed in Massachusetts Bay. Puritans wanted to purify the Church of England and ultimately strive to build a utopian society. John Winthrope who was the first governor of the Massachusetts bay colony described this society as a city upon a hill. This â€Å"city upon a hill† was not going to achieve itself on its own once the Puritans got to Massachusetts Bay. The type of government enforced within their community was a theocracy, meaning that God is the true leader of society, and he expressed his action and will through men and women. This required the community to attend church daily, and if you did not show up people would come and look for you. This outdated form of government enforced and allowed the sexist practices of women because of the strong belief that women wer e susceptible to the Devils charm. Women had no legal or property rights, marrying as a teenager and having many kids was the their life. This community did not tolerate nonconformity, everyone did the same thing and acted the same way. Anne Hutchinson was a victim of the strict beliefs of the Puritans. Anne Hutchinson was arrested for heresyShow MoreRelatedThe Hysteria Of The Salem Witch Trials1463 Words   |  6 Pagesdissention within the Puritan society: a group of English reformed protestants who pursued the Purification of the Church of England. Among these issues, is the hysteria of the Salem Witch Trials that prosecuted women to be found worshippers of the devil. The Puritans found the necessity to exercise this crusade in order to stay by their moral codes of conformity which included witchcraft to be the greatest crime, punishable by death. However, the true reasons of the trials was not to simply followRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesAlth ough many people have their assumptions as to what specifically caused the Salem Witch Trials, no one has a definite account. One must use logic and prior knowledge to come to the conclusion and realize that multiple factors play a key role in causing the trials. The Salem Witch Trials were caused by religion, politics, teenage boredom, family feuds, economic conditions, and fears of the people. The overall effect of the trials was a major part in American history, not only was it a learning experienceRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Of 16921270 Words   |  6 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials The year 1692 is remembered as one of the most scandalous times in American History. Throughout the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, over a hundred people were accused of practicing witchcraft (the majority of them being women). 14 women were hung, and 5 men were accused leading to a total of 19 people dying due to these trials. One man was even pressed to death by substantial weights for declining to enter a plea (Linder 1). No less than eight individuals passed on in jail, includingRead MoreNegative Effects Of Puritan Culture On American Society1232 Words   |  5 Pageswitchcraft. They are living during the corrupt time of the Salem witch trials. Thomas Satterwhite Noble’s oil painting â€Å"The Witch Hill,† which typifies the mood described above, depicts a young woman being escorted to her execution because she has been accused of witchcraft. Looking at this work, it becomes clear that this alleged witch is a regular woman with a regular life. Her soft eyes suggest th at she is innocent. During the Salem Witch Trials, various people , such as the woman in this painting,Read MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Salem Witchcraft Trials1552 Words   |  7 Pages  Ã‚   The Massachusetts Salem witch craft trials, this was a complicated time in history.   With the conflict of the hangings, Salem didn’t have the best compromise. At a time in history when the government didn’t give Puritans religious rights, the Salem Massachusetts witch craft trials began. This conflict led to trails where the government convicted men and woman of practicing witch craft, thus being hanged. Though this compromise stopped the witchcraft practicing, the government realized those menRead MoreThe Cause Of The Salem Witch Trials Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Causes of the Salem Witch Trials In 1692 in the quaint Puritan village of Salem Massachusetts, twenty lives were claimed to execution on charges of witchcraft, nineteen by hanging and one man was pressed to death. The causes of these deaths and the Salem Witch Trails can be easier understood when the culture of Puritan Colonial life is examined. The Salem community was rooted in the Puritan religion. Puritans believed like all Christians, that humanity was guilty of the original sin committedRead MoreCotton Mather : Provoker Of Catastrophe1009 Words   |  5 PagesCatastrophe For its witnesses, the Salem Witch Trials confirmed the reality of the invisible world of spirits. The catalyst was described as a man who had an interest in the actions of Satan. That man is Cotton Mather. Mather was born into a family of ministers, including Reverend John Cotton. Mather preached his first sermon as a teenager and was ordained in his early twenties. Cotton Mather is known for his unnecessary involvement with the Salem Witch Trials. With the assistance of Cotton Mather’sRead MoreReasons Behind The Salem Witch Trials1568 Words   |  7 Pages30, 1017 Reasons behind the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 The Salem Witch Trials were a series of trials in the 1690s which accused society members of practicing witchcraft, they took place in Salem, Massachusets. What caused this mass hysteria to occur? Some contributing factors could include some socio-economic reasons, an overbearing Puritan society and the influential sense that witchcraft was taking place all over the world. Massachusetts was settled by English puritans, faithful Anglican peopleRead MoreThe Importance Of Sin And Evil In Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown1171 Words   |  5 PagesIn the short story, Young Goodman Brown written by Nathaniel Hawthorne uses some of the puritan activities towards Goodmans dream, such as secrecy of sin and evil. The story introduces, a young and innocent man, Goodman Brown bid farewell to his wife but his wife did not want him to leave, so he left just for the day. He begins his walk into a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest (Hawthorne 1300) and was approached by a man also known as the devil. Throughout the tripRead MoreThe Crucible By The Salem Witch Trials1539 Words   |  7 Pagespeople faced in the seventeenth century and in the 1950s when mobocracy enveloped America. The Second Red Scare and the Salem Witch Trials were both tragic events that took place during these time periods; during this time, people were in a constant stat e of paranoia and fear. Many respected people lost their lives because they were accused of sinister deeds. For the Salem Witch Trial this meant being associated with witchcraft or conspiring with Satan; in the same fashion, during the Second Red Scare

Use Of Verbal And Non Verbal Communication - 1449 Words

Communication plays a vital role in our lives every day, whether it is verbal or non-verbal. It helps us to communicate our needs, thoughts, and feelings. In this paper one will analyze the three short film clips of Alice Walker: â€Å"Everyday Use†; 1) Dee’s Arrival, 2) Dee’s Conflict, and 3) Quaint Southern Meal. Based on one’s understanding of each film, one will discuss the concept of verbal, and non-verbal communication, as well as the importance of listening skills. Based on the text, communication is the process of sending and receiving messages that allows individuals to share their knowledge and skills. Although most individuals associate communication with speech, it has many other attributes, and it is mainly composed of two essential dimensions that include; verbal and nonverbal communication. Verbal Communication Verbal communication acts is the most essential tool used by human beings to express their thoughts, emotions, ideas, desires, and concepts. The key factors of verbal communication can be associated with sounds, languages and speech in which individuals use to communicate a message. Nonverbal Communication Based on the text, nonverbal communication can be defined as a style of communication without using words. Nonverbal communication includes actions such as facial expression, eye staring, hand motion, touching, and body movement. Lapakko, (1997) maintains that, nonverbal communication is just as important in the human life as verbal communication.Show MoreRelatedNon Verbal Communication On A Daily Basis987 Words   |  4 Pages Jaime Isom Prof. Martin CMST 101 Apr 22, 2015 Non-verbal communication is the process of communicating without words and is the oldest form of communication known to man. The use of non-verbal communication occurs on a daily basis by individuals and its importance to people is tremendous. People may not realize it, but non-verbal communication is used a lot more than actual words are used. For example, me and my friend Danny communicate a lot of times verbally, but when we disagree on somethingRead MoreNonverbal Communication1729 Words   |  7 PagesInstructor Non-verbal Communication Introduction Communication is an important aspect in the society. It plays a major role in our day to day activities, relationships, cultural interactions and helps in every day conversations. Communication is the simple process of transferring information from the sender to the receiver. Communication is grouped into different categories; verbal communication which involves words and speech, written communication, visual communication and non-verbal communicationRead MoreCommunication Is The All Of The Procedures By Which One Mind Can Affect Another1146 Words   |  5 Pages WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? â€Å"Communication is the all of the procedures by which one mind can affect another† It can be defined as the key that joins various factors of an organization. It determines the success or failure of an organization. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION: †¢ INTRA-PERSONAL. †¢ INTER-PERSONAL. †¢ EXTRA-PERSONAL. †¢ ORGANISATIONAL GROUP. †¢ MASS. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION: 1. As management communication, public communication, advertising and personal selling. 2. As ingredient of corporateRead Moreoutline the different forms of verbal and non-verbal communication1332 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages or information; as by speech, visuals, signals, written work or behaviour. It is the meaningful exchange of information between two or more living creatures. Communication requires a sender, a message and a recipient although the receiver does not have to be present or aware of the sender’s intent to communicate at the time of communication thus communication can occur across vast distances in time andRead MoreCommunication in Nursing1699 Words   |  7 Pagesof communication is the essential foundation of nursing practise; it is primarily dependant upon verbal and non-verbal communication. Encompassing both speech and behavioural aspects, efficient delivery and receiving of the nurse-patient messages initiates advantageous relationships, or contraril y, generates significant repercussions if applied ineffectively, thus affecting the quality of the nurse-patient relationship. This essay will discuss how effective verbal and non-verbal communication inRead MoreThe Importance of Non-Verbal Communication929 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Non-verbal communication has been a major factor contributing towards our day to day lives. In terms of design and workplace as well as cultural variations non-verbal communication plays an important role in these places. It includes the usage of the human’s subconscious mind to construct a series of facial expressions, hand gestures as well as the usage of the human’s vocal tones which indeed causes a form of effective communication if used in the right manner. For example, when parentsRead MoreEssay about Helping Skills1321 Words   |  6 PagesPhoenix Abstract As a professional working in the field of Human Services, having specific helping skills are vital to the effectiveness of the services as well as the goals of the client. There are many elements that support both verbal and non-verbal communication. Contrary to the supportive elements that determine success, there are also a wide range of barriers that both the helper and the client may face. It is important for the helper to attend to several duties before meeting with a clientRead MoreThe Principles of Communication1557 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is an ever-developing topic in which human beings can express their feelings and emotions on a daily basis whether they were positive or negative in the most suitable way. According to Preja (2013) the term â€Å"Communication† can be traced back to the Latin word â€Å"Communis† which stands for â€Å"to be connected to† or â€Å"to be in a relationship with†. Communication can be classified to two ty pes, verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication focuses mainly on vocals while non-verbal communicationRead MoreBasic Principles in Verbal and Non Verbal Communication712 Words   |  3 PagesBasic Principle in verbal and non verbal Communication One of the most important skills of a leader in a company is that he or she knows how to communicate well. Communication skills are essential in today’s competitive environment, and a company with good communication flow will achieve advantages such as stronger business relationships, increased productivity and quicker problem solving. The characteristics of an effective message is that it provides the practical information the receiverRead MoreEffective Non Verbal Communication At The Workplace1469 Words   |  6 Pages EFFECTIVE NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN VERBAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN THE WORKPLACE ASSIGNMENT BY: MUHAMMAD ATIF STUDENT ID: 140326 â€Å"Communication is the all of the procedures by which one mind can affect another† It can be characterized as the key that joins different variables of an association. It decides the achievement or disappointment of an association. Communication can be intra-individual,

British Petroleum UK Business Organisations

Question: Scenario: The UK business environment remains positive, forward-looking and one of the most attractive places open for business in Europe. The UK government is committed to creating a supportive business environment that encourages a private-sector-led economic growth. According to the World Bank ranking, the UK is one of the easiest places to set up and run a business in Europe, and more overseas companies have their European headquarters in the UK than in France and Germany put together. Today, the UK is the worlds sixth-largest economy and one of the worlds top ten manufacturers (six of the worlds top ten vehicle makers are based in the UK). It is also the worlds second-largest services exporter (after the U.S.) and the worlds sixth- largest trading nation. Green industries are at the forefront of the UK government development initiatives, making it one of the leading global players in wind energy and the development of offshore wind. More opportunities are reflected in UKs low-carbon solutions, engineering design, cost consulting, education, research development, financial and professional services. British competitiveness remains forward-looking through lowering of corporate tax rate and investing in infrastructure development. The UK governments current strategy is based on key themes that include: attracting investment to the UK; strengthening the multilateral trading system; enabling developing countries to benefit from trade and investment as well as identifying and maximising the benefits offered by the opportunities for UK businesses to trade and invest. As a result, the UK is among the top three destinations globally for inward investment. The UK Trade Investment continues to support high-growth and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), while strongly encouraging them to export and seize opportunities in high-growth and emerging markets - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). Outside of the UK national environment, the government continues working to expand the EU single market, defending the multilateral trading systems, helping the World Trade Organisation (WTO) to defend protectionism, supporting the European Commission in negotiating ambitious free trade agreements while working with businesses to identify and remove regulatory barriers to trade and investment. [Adapted from Danny Lopez (2011) UK Business Environment: Positive and Forward-Looking, The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel Special Report, UK Trade Investment)] Based on your knowledge and understanding of the Business Environment module, your role is to produce a report that can be used to provide advice to a company of your choice on how it can survive in changing and highly competitive UK local, national and global business environments. 1. Discuss how market forces shape the way in which your chosen organisation responds in the business environment in which it operate? 2. Discuss the significance of international trade to UK business organisations? 3. Analyse the impact of global factors on UK business organisations? 4. Evaluate the impact of European Union (EU) policies on UK business organisations? Answers: 1. Market forces play an important role towards the development and success of any business making it important for the manufacture to observe the aspects closely. To better understand this strategy and how it can be used to deliver on consumer demands, British petroleum shall be taken as an example. British petroleum has grown to become among the largest Petroleum m distributors globally and the company has achieved this by delivering high quality petroleum products. Today British petroleum refiners and sells all petroleum available on the market but the company also offers a wide verity of qualities within each of the products thus catering to people of different budgets. The company is also constantly developing new petroleum products and improving each to deliver higher quality products to keep the brand competitive in the market. Product quality has grown to become an important force linked to retaining customers since they have a wide verity of choices to select from and this makes them compare products more aggressively. British petroleum therefor works hard towards ensuring their product meet the highest quality standards and deliver on consumer expectations. Price is another important aspect linked to any products competitiveness and success in the market. British petroleum may be the biggest Petroleum Company globally but the company has also emphasised on delivering fair prices to its consumers even when petroleum products are governed internationally. Product price plays and immense role towards brand market capital success since consumers are always looking to save money on all their purchases including petroleum products. An example of this can be observed among the wide verity of petroleum products offered by British petroleum (Miles, 1992). The company has developed all types of lubrication to cater for a; consumers. In addition to this factor, British petroleum also offers a huge verity of products within each category which cost differently resulting in lubricants affordable by each consumer. 2. Significance of the global factors that shape UK national business activities The United Kingdom remains as the most attractive destination to start a business due to the many benefits associated to the UK. The UK offers the most attractive terms linked to opening new businesses and encourages investors to starting their own businesses in the nation. Low Taxation and the ability to get funding to start new businesses in the UK all contributeimmensely towards investor sentiment.This is because 90 of all UK based businesses are classified as small and cottage industry. This makes it important for the investor or entrepreneur to have attractive terms linked to the region they start the business so as to improve the chances of success which would ultimately result in benefiting the host nation. But on the other hand this strategy tends to work with certain products and not all especially the petroleum processing sector. To remain competitive in the market and deliver products for affordable prices British petroleum must turn to manufacturing purchasing the petroleum from cheaper sources and using state of the art equipment to refine the petroleum. This helps lower the manufacturing, material and labour costs thus ensuring the products remain competitive on the international market. Unlike most other products which can be manufactured in other regions petroleum must be shipped in its raw state so as to be refined in the destination country The UK may offer attractive benefits to their citizen or resident investors but the region does offer some challenges linked to inflated product costs due to the Sterling pound having a high currency value. This results in the value of the products being manufactured in the UK to cost high making them non-competitive in the international market. 3. Analyse the impact of global factors on UK business organisations Globalization is gripping and affecting every global market in different ways. While globalization is proving to be highly beneficial for certain global markets such h as China and India, its having a negative effect in once major global industrial players. This is observed clearly in the UK iron are industry which has virtually ceased operation due developingcountries like China ability to supply the UK with iron ore for almost half the cost of mining it in the UK. This makes the mining for the UKs iron of too expensive despite the nation having its own depositsresulting in the collapse of the industry. Besidesproduct competitiveness there are other aspects such as climate and environmental concerns, competition from emerging economies (BRICKS) and natural disasters, war and conflict. Each of this aspect has its own effecting on each of the UK business organisations thus making each one require close assist. These factors not only affect the UKS businesses organisation but also internationally based organisations and businesses such as Samsung which does the majority of its manufacturing in ASIA. This is directly associated to the lower manufacturing costs in Asia but certain of the factors also greatly affect the brands market position in certain regions. Although companies like British petroleum are present across the globe and continue growing due to the increasing demand for the petroleum products some regions continue to pose expansion problems. British petroleum is experiencing this problem in Africa where certain African nations remain untapped due to constant conflict in those nations. Somalia, SouthernSudan, the Congo and several other countries in the region remain undeveloped due to war and conflict making that market inviable for British petroleum establishes their businesses. 4. Evaluate the impact of European Union (EU) policies on UK business organisations The EU plays and important part towards influencing the business and investment opportunities in the UK thus making the EU and direct facilities towards investment opportunities. Due to the UK being located within the EU its important for the regulations the be regulated so as to offer fair opportunity to all nations in the region and failing to deliver fair business opportunities and regulations could lead to seriously affecting business operation in the UK (Aldrich, 2007). Some policies which would require regulation to maintain business competitiveness include: Employment Policies Employment opportunities in the EU and UK are abundant and see large number of skill professionals applying to visit Europe on work visa with the sole intention of seeking employment. But the regulations differ considerably in the EU and UK thus resulting in the UK employment costing more than most EU nation. This is due to strict limitations linked to hiring immigrant who require fulfilling many professional and financial requirements before entering the UK while in most other EU nations work visas are relatively simple and cheap to acquire (Cashore, 2002). Education and training policies A major source of employment in many countries like the UK comes from students undergoing their education but working during their free time or as training programs. The UK limits the number of hours the students can work while they are mainly unregulatedin most EU nations. This results in employment wages reducing considerably in EU nations as compared to the UK which also affects the UK business environment in a negative manner. International Trade Policies The EU allows for most members to trade freely between each other resulting in a regulated form of trade, taxation and distribution across the EU. With the UK, regulation is different as the nation is not part of the EU thus triggeringseveral trade policies with its European counterparts. This result in import and other taxes further increasing the UKs export Product to the EU and other nations. All these factors play a huge role in the international market today since the consumer has grown very cautiousregarding price and quality. Unlike the past when products made in the UK were said to be the best, consumer have realizedthat even developing nations deliver high quality products. It has even reached an extent that most EU, UK and USA companies are not manufacturing in Asia and still delivering quality but at much more competitive prices. References: Aldrich, H. (2007).Organizations and environments. Stanford University Press. Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Snow, C. C., Miles, R. E. (1992). Causes for failure in network organizations.California management review,34(1), 53-57. Knight, G. (2000). Entrepreneurship and marketing strategy: The SME under globalization.Journal of International Marketing,8(2), 12-32. Cashore, B. (2002). Legitimacy and the privatization of environmental governance: How nonstate marketdriven (NSMD) governance systems gain rulemaking authority.Governance,15(4), 503-529.

Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity

In part, the idea of Japanese identity was shaped by two important forces, namely language and political theory or ideology. In particular, these factors influenced many philosophers, political scientists, and linguists who attempted to single out the main distinctions of Japanese people and their society.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper is aimed showing how language and political theory were used for the construction of Japanese identity. While discussing the role of the Japanese language, many intellectuals emphasize its distinguishing features, rather than similarities to other languages. It should be noted that Japan adopted and modified the Chinese writing system. Moreover, before the eighth century, Chinese was the language spoken by educated people (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1010). Later J apanese intellectuals attempted to minimize the impact of Chinese culture. This is why scholars tried to discover the Japanese language which existed before contacts with China and its cultural tradition (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1011). To some extent, this quest for the old language highlighted the idea that Japan was distinct from China or any other country. Certainly, this assumption might not be shared by every person living in the country, but it definitely influenced the rhetoric of intellectuals and scholars. Additionally, the expression of emotions in this language was also discussed by people who thought about Japanese identity. For example, one can mention the use of te-ni-o-ha or postpositive particles. They do not only perform grammatical functions, but also help the speaker express his or her emotions, attitudes, and feelings about ideas, actions or people (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1015). This linguistic phenomenon gave rise to the belief that Japanese people te nd to focus more on emotional aspects of communication, rather than logic and cognition. Judging from the peculiarities of the language, many people even assumed that Japanese people lacked the ability to think in an abstract way.Advertising Looking for term paper on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Certainly, it is possible to challenge this assumption because abstract thinking does not necessarily rely on verbal means of communication. Nevertheless, this argument was put forward by both philosophers and scientists (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1015). These are some of the ways in which language influenced the idea of Japanese identity, especially the way in which discussed by prominent Japanese thinkers. Another force which shaped the debates about Japanese identity was political life of the country, its form of government and the dominant ideology. These debates about political aspects of Japanese society began t o emerge in the late nineteenth century, when the influence of Western-European countries became stronger (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1086). The Japanese intellectuals and scientists viewed technological progress and new modes of production very favorably, but one cannot say the same thing about political changes. For instance, Kita Ikki argued against the democratization of the society and said that it was in no way superior to other forms of government (Ikki as cited in Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo, 1022). Moreover, emperor was viewed as the key figure in the political life of a country. Thus, this attachment to monarchy was viewed as a form of loyalty to the past. It is often seen as a part of Japanese identity. This conflicting attitude toward the modernity gave rise to two several beliefs about Japanese people. In particular, according to widespread belief they had to possess such virtues as piety, loyalty, and respect for tradition. However, political scientists and philosop hers also stressed the idea that Japanese people were able to adopt, modify or perfect scientific achievements of the Western world. Thus, Japan and its people had to be loyal to their heritage, but at the same time open to new ideas. Only by reconciling these two needs, the country could retain its autonomy and political power in the word. Such concept as Kokutai was also important for the formation of Japanese identity. It implied that an individual and a nation had a certain historical mission (Heisig, Kasulis, and Maraldo 1025). Hence, the task of an individual was to contribute to the achievement of this goal.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although, the mission was never formulated accurately, but the concept implied that a person had to be loyal to the group. Again, this argument was applied to reinfo rce the belief that Japanese people were superior to other Asian nations. Certainly, this political or cultural chauvinism is not included in the concept of Japanese identity. However, the notion of group loyalty does remain important for people who study or discuss Japanese identity. Thus, one can argue that language and political theory gave rise to certain assumptions about Japan and its people. For instance, one can speak about the attention to emotions, rather cognitive aspects of speech. Moreover, one can mention such values as respect for tradition, openness toward new ideas, and group loyalty. Although, these views are not always based on some empirical observations or statistical data, they are popular among scholars, philosophers and political scientists who examined the identity of Japanese people. In each case, the distinctions of Japan are emphasized, while less attention is paid to its similarities with other nations. Works Cited Heisig, James, T. Kasulis, J. Maraldo. Japanese Philosophy: A Sourcebook, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2011. Print. This term paper on Language and Political Theory in Construction of Japanese Identity was written and submitted by user Ricardo E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Animal Rights Final Research Paper Essays

Animal Rights Final Research Paper Essays Animal Rights Final Research Paper Essay Animal Rights Final Research Paper Essay Animal Rights Final Research Paper Franco Pacheco ENGL-135 Prof. Gurin DeVry University December 13, 2012 Animal rights The idea of animal rights is not new. Through the 18th and 19th Century philosophers like Rousseau, Kant, Bentham, and Schopenhauer have produced different arguments in favor of the treatment of animals. Animal rights is the idea that nonhuman animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that they should be afforded the same consideration as the similar interests of human beings. All animals are equal in the sense that they all can sense pain and suffering however as far as treating them like humans, I do not think so. Humans have been eating meat for as long as we have been on this earth and there is nothing wrong with that. That does not mean people enjoy killing them for pleasure, their lives are taking for our survival. Eating meat is not wrong as long as we are conscious of their contribution to humankind over the years, providing us with transportation, food, clothing, and companionship. Torturing and killing animals for pleasure is wrong, however, eating their meat moderately for survival is not. By the beginning of the 18th century, writers began to discuss animal feelings of pain and suffering, vivisection, and the cruel treatment of animals raised and slaughtered for food. All animals have the same capacity for suffering, but how we see them differs and that determines what we will tolerate happening to them. Most people are not capable of killing what they eat with their own hands but if is cooked and served; there are no thoughts of how or where it came from. Over 9 billion chickens, pigs, cattle, turkeys, sheep, goats, ducks, and geese are bred, raised, and killed for food annually in America. Today, the breeding of farm animals is dominated by industrialized facilities that maximize profits by treating them as production units and forgetting that they can also feel pain as human do. The abuse of farm animals in factory farms, for example, did not see an influx until the early 19th century, when small family farms and traditional ranching of livestock started to cave under the pressure of larger institutional farming practices. As factory farms became the norm, so, unfortunately did the systematic and prolonged abuse of animals raised for human consumption. Most animals in these facilities are forced to endure physical and psychological abuse for months if not years on end, deprived of the ability to perform behaviors inherent to their species, and housed in overcrowded facilities with insufficient food, water, and natural light. Most are given steroids to enhance growth, and antibiotics to fend off illnesses that are likely to occur in such unsanitary conditions. Their eventual slaughter is often performed in a manner as inhumane as the condition in which they are forced to exist until that day. There are many people working for the improvement of the ways in which animals that are raised for food are handled and slaughtered; most notable is Temple Grandin. She is one of the leading authorities on the design of animal handling facilities, specializing in the humane handling of animals at the point of slaughter in the meat industry. She is credited with having â€Å"done more to improve welfare for animals at the point of slaughter than any human alive. † According to data extrapolated from U. S. Department of Agriculture reports that nearly 10. billion land animals were raised and killed for food in the United States in 2010. This is a 1. 7% rise from the 2009 totals, larger than the 0. 9% increase in US population, meaning that animals killed per-capita increased slightly. Based on January-August 2011 USDA slaughter numbers, it is projected that the number of land animals killed in 2011 will increase an additional 1% from 2010 numbers, rising to approximately 10,266 million animals. Fortunately, due to increased feed prices and sinking domestic demand, Bloomberg. om is speculating that there may be a 5% drop in animals raised for food in 2012! While the number of aquatic animals killed each year is not reported, meticulous calculations by researcher Noam Mohr estimate the number of finfishes killed each year for US consumption to be 13,027 million, and the number of shellfishes to be 40,455 million, resulting in a combined 53,481 million (over 53 billion) aquatic animals who died for American consumption in 2010. Becoming a vegetarian overnight will not stop the purposeful harm done to animals at the hands of human beings. Consequently, I agree that there is a lot that has gone very wrong with most of our meat production, but we are omnivores, and arguing that we are not is not going to get us anywhere. It may be possible to live without meat, but considering that all animals will eventually die, will be a sin not to eat them before other animals do. We feel bad of the killing of the animals we eat, but not bad enough to stop eating them completely. People have their own reasons for becoming vegan and not everyone is concern about the animal’s welfare. Becoming vegan will not stop animal abuse; people are still going to do what they want to do, especially if it involves animal cruelty. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) can do all they can, but you cannot right all the wrongs in the world. The most prominent of the abolitionists is Gary Francione, professor of law and philosophy at Rutgers School of Law-Newark. He argues that focusing on animal welfare may actually worsen the position of animals, because it entrenches the view of them as property, and makes the public more comfortable about using them. I actually hate the way animals are treated and could not find a better way of killing them without making it go through torture. However, I am not switching to become vegan, just because a group of people considers it cruelty. I still love meat, but I treat animals with respect and morality because they are providing the protein my body needs for survival. It is not admissible to cause animal’s unnecessary pain and suffering. I do not believe in the unethical treatment of animals, however I do believe in the ethical use of them. Confinement production of livestock and poultry has generated a major conflict between the meats, dairy, poultry industries, and reformist welfare and abolitionists animal rights group. They condemn and oppose factory farming because they view intensive production as inhumane, being carried out under unnatural conditions and causing suffering for the animal and poultry. Over the past 50 years, animal agriculture has increased from small family farms to large corporate factory farming systems. In these factory-farming systems, their main concern is increasing the profits margins at all costs and the process has devastating consequences for the animals. Farmed animals lead a life of misery from the moment they are born to when they are slaughtered. Every day, everywhere across the globe, millions of these animals are mishandled, kept in confinement, mutilated as part of routine husbandry practices, and deprived of their basic physical and behavioral needs. In September of 1994, The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) designated the National Farm Animals Awareness Week (Guither, pg. 1). They criticized the cruelty of the confinement housing of such animals and they asked consumers to â€Å"shop with compassion. † Bernard E. Rollin an American philosopher and currently a professor of philosophy, animal sciences, and biomedical sciences at Colorado State University urges the food animal producers and animal industry â€Å"not to resist and combat the new ethic f or animals , for they will not win, but rather to appropriate it into their production systems with the help of research that acknowledges and respects the patent truth that animals can both suffer and be happy†(Guither, pg. 9). In the last two decades hundreds of thousands Americans have fight animal rights as part of a new, powerful and controversial social movement. All animal liberationists believe that the individual interests of non-human animals deserve recognition and protection, but the movement can be split into two broad camps. Animal rights advocates, or rights liberationists, believe that these basic interests confer moral rights of some kind on the animals, and/or ought to confer legal rights on them; for example, the work of Philosophers Tom Regan and Peter Singer. They do not believe that animals possess moral rights, but argue, on utilitarian grounds (Utilitarianism in its simplest form advocating that we base moral decisions on the greatest happiness of the greatest number) that, because animals have the ability to suffer, their suffering must be taken into account in any moral philosophy (Isacat, 2008). Dr. David Nibert is a Professor of Sociology at the Wittenberg University in Springfield, Ohio. He teaches Animals Society, Global Change, Social Stratification, Minority Groups, and Law and Society. He is the author of Animal Rights/Human Rights: Entanglements of Oppression and Liberation (Rowman/Littlefield). He conducted a survey among residents of Clark County, Ohio and found that support for animal rights is significantly related to seven of the eleven variables, suggesting the existence of an important link between ones disposition toward human and nonhuman animals. Five hundred and one residents of Clark County, Ohio, aged eighteen and older, responded to a telephone survey conducted April 16-18, 1993. This survey was designed to examine respondent’s opinions on several social issues. One of the questions was, Some people say that animals have rights that people should respect. Would you agree or disagree? They were also asked eleven questions adapted from the General Social Survey (Wood, 1990). Here are the results of the Nibert’s survey: â€Å"Of the 501 respondents, 246 (49. 1 %) were male and 255 (50. 9%) were female. 81 1 (20. 8%) were less than 30 years of age, 208 (41. 6%) were between 30 and 49 years old, and 184 (36. 8%) were over 50. 76 (15. 2%) had not graduated from high school, 277 (55. 3%) were high school graduates and 143 (29. %) were college graduates. The sample was predominantly white (461 or 92%) and married (334 or 66. 7%). In response to the animal rights question, 373 respondents (74. 5%) agreed, 84 (16. 8%) disagreed, 37 (7. 4%) were undecided and 7 (1. 4%) refused. For purposes of convenience, the respondents who agreed that animals have rights will be referred to as animal rights supporters. Examination of demographic variables reveals that age, sex, place of residence and religion were significantly related to support for animal rights. Younger people were more likely to support animal rights than older people, women more than men, and city residents more than those living in more rural areas of the county (Nibert 1994). † To summarize, Animal rights are a matter of personal choice. Every individual has a right to decide how he or she wants to treat others, including other species. Animals have been around on the earth for as long as humans have, if not longer. They play an important role in todays society whether or not we choose to admit it. To say that animals have rights is only to end the discussion before it starts. Animals will be animals and they will eat one another for the need of survival: that is a natural phenomenon. We can reduce some suffering by eliminating certain practices in certain areas, but this will not solve the problem. As explained above, we cannot humanely raise nine billion animals. Going vegan is the only solution. Also, keep in mind that some meat, eggs and dairy products are misleadingly marketed as humane but offer only marginal improvements over traditional factory farming. These animals are not raised humanely if they are in larger cages, or are taken out of cages only to live in overcrowded barns. And humane slaughter is an oxymoron. References Cavalieri, Paola. (2001) the animal question, why nonhuman animals deserve human rights. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Grillo, Alexander, (August 15, 2012), Five Reasons Why Meat-Eating Cannot Be Considered a ‘Personal Choice’ Free from Harm, Food and Psychology http://freefromharm. org/food-and-psychology/five-reasons-why-meat-eating-cannot-be-considered-a-personal-choice/ Guither, Harold D. (1998) Animal rights, History and scope of a radical social movement. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press Issitt, Micah Newton, Heather (2011), p2-2, 1p Animals Deserve the Same Rights as Humans. http://search. ebscohost. com. proxy. devry. edu/login. aspx? direct=truedb=pwhAN=26608510site=pov-live Rich, Alex Wagner Geraldine (2011), p1-1, 1p Points of View: Animal Rights: An Overview. http://search. ebscohost. com. proxy. devry. edu/login. aspx? direct=truedb=pwhAN=22827052site=pov-live Thompson, Michael (2012) Why We Have Ethical Obligations to Animals: Animal Welfare and the Common Good more http://wpunj. academia. du/MichaelThompson/Papers/392701/Why_We_Have_Ethical_Obligations_to_Animals_Animal_Welfare_and_the_Common_Good April 12, 2011. American Humane Association hails ‘yes’ vote on humane standards for poultry in Washington americanhumane. org/animals/animal-welfare-news/american-humane-association-hails-yes-vote. html Report: Number of Animals Killed In US Increases in 2010 http://farmusa. org/statistics11. html Animal Rights and Human Social Issues David A. Nib ert, Wittenberg University (1994) animalsandsociety. org/assets/library/283_s222. pdf

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 18

Case Study Example nt of employees will be done purely on the basis of merit and the management skills in case of leadership positions.For the role of supervisors, the fittest candidate would be one who has the technical knowledge to guide the team as well as have good interpersonal communication skills for managing the people at work.Instead of a one-day training program, the new policy has the provisions of conducting a three day induction program that provides a detailed insight of the work and initial introduction with the existing employees. The company aims to return value to their employees who are willing to add value to the organization. The company believes in providing the best remuneration package in the industry as per the best standards (Armstrong 2006). This is done through competitive fixation of wages for the employees. Apart from the compensation packages, there are several allowances and perquisites that are offered to the employees.The company also believes in providing health benef its and taking care of the medical needs of the employees and their families. The company believes in equal and fair opportunities for both men and women at workplace. The new policy proposes that women should have equal representations as compared to men in the role of supervisors. This would also create fair and transparent communication practices in the workplace. The senior employees and the managers would engage into period communication and take feedbacks from the operational staffs in the process. This would ensure total involvement of the employees and reduce the chances of any communication gap in the process.The company disapproves the collective bargaining agreement between the employees and the union. The following suggestion for improvement could be provided to the human resource manager of FVI as the past recruitments have resulted in a failure rate of 40% amongst the number of candidates who were recruited. In the past, the supervisors were selected on the basis of their